Answer:
2. Such regions play a significant role in gene regulation. That is why they remain conservative under the influence of natural selection.
Explanation:
Within the genome there are many non-coding regions that control the expression of master developmental genes such as, for example, Hox major transcription factors (TFs) in animals and MADS-box TFs in plants. These gene regulatory regions (e.g., promoters and enhancers) are generally evolutionarily conserved within certain taxonomic groups. In consequence, such non-coding regions are well known to be conserved and interact in a sequence-specific manner with major transcription factors in order to regulate developmental pathways.
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The answer you are looking for is the VEI scale, also known as the Volcanic Explosivity Index. The scale ranges from 1-8. Volcanic eruptions are classified due to how much volcanic material is ejected into the atmosphere, the height of the plume cloud, and how long the eruptions last. For example, the eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815 was a VEI 7 and caused the year without a summer. Volcanic eruptions in VEI 6 and 7 ranges are really rare, but VEI 8 eruptions are the rarest. VEI 8 eruptions are known as super eruptions, and they happen around every 100,000 years. Sorry, I got a little bit carried away. But, anyways, the VEI scale is the correct answer.
