Ricin comes under the category of functionally related toxins, in a combination known as RIPs (ribosome inactivating proteins). This disables ribosomes and stops the process of protein synthesis.
They directly associate with and inactivate the ribosomes or modify the factors taking part in the process of translation, generally the elongation step. These proteins bring about depurination of adenine at position 4324 in the 28 S rRNA.
This further inhibits the generation of a critical-stem-loop configuration to which the elongation factor is considered to combine at the time of the translocation step of translation. The ultimate outcome of this activity is the complete inhibition of cellular translation.
Answer:
At heart, all life on Earth uses a membrane that separates the organism from its environment. ... In this regard, water is essential simply because it's a liquid at Earth-like temperatures. Because it flows, water provides an efficient way to transfer substances from a cell to the cell's environment.
Answer:
Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat.
Explanation:
When the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. ... A food chain can usually sustain no more than six energy transfers before all the energy is used up.
Answer: a
Explanation:
A punnet square is used to determine which genes are the strongest
