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Usimov [2.4K]
2 years ago
10

Describe the life cycle of a product and explain profitability and sales volume at each stage

Business
1 answer:
Helga [31]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Product Life Cycle: Overview

The product life cycle (PLC) describes a product's life in the market with respect to business/commercial costs and sales measures. It proceeds through multiple phases, involves many professional disciplines and requires many skills, tools and processes.

This is not to say that product lives cannot be extended – there are many good examples of this – but rather, each product has a ‘natural’ life through which it is expected to pass.

The stages of the product life cycle are:

Introduction

Growth

Maturity

Decline

PLC management makes these three assumptions:

Products have a limited life and, thus, every product has a life cycle.

Product sales pass through distinct stages, each of which poses different challenges, problems and opportunities to its parent company.

Products will have different marketing, financing, manufacturing, purchasing and human resource requirements at the various stages of its life cycle.

The product life cycle begins with the introduction stage (see ). Just because a product successfully completes the launch stage and starts its life cycle, the company cannot take its success for granted.

image

Product Development and Product Life Cycle: The Product Life Cycle follows directly after new product development.

A company must succeed at both developing new products and managing them in the face of changing tastes, technologies and competition. A good product manager should find new products to replace those that are in the declining stage of their life cycles; learning how to manage products optimally as they move from one stage to the next.

Product Lifecycle Management Stage 1: Market Introduction

This stage is characterized by a low growth rate of sales as the product is newly launched and consumers may not know much about it. Traditionally, a company usually incurs losses rather than profits during this phase. Especially if the product is new on the market, users may not be aware of its true potential, necessitating widespread information and advertising campaigns through various media.

However, this stage also offers its share of opportunities. For example, there may be less competition. In some instances, a monopoly may be created if the product proves very effective and is in great demand.

Characteristics of the introduction stage are:

High costs due to initial marketing, advertising, distribution and so on.

Sales volumes are low, increasing slowly

There may be little to no competition

Demand must be created through promotion and awareness campaigns

Customers must be prompted to try the product.

Little or no profit is made owing to high costs and low sales volumes

Growth

During the growth stage, the public becomes more aware of the product; as sales and revenues start to increase, profits begin to accrue.

Explanation:

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Aloiza [94]

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

‘Cash Flow Statement’ is one of major financial statement that indicates the inflow and outflow of cash along with the reasons by categorizing each cash transaction in three activities i.e., operating, investing or financing activity. Non-cash transactions are not considered while preparing a cash flow statement.

The cash flow from operating activities is generally more than the net income after taxes.

The cash flow from operating activities includes only the cash transactions relating to the operations of the business. It ignores the non-cash transactions. On the other hand, net income is derived after deducting all the expenses (paid or unpaid) from the revenue earned, pertaining to a particular period.

Example: Depreciation expense is a non-cash transaction. It is treated as follows:

While calculating cash flow from operating activities, depreciation expense is ignored (added back to the net income) as it is a non-cash transaction.

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Thus, the cash flow from operations is generally more than the net income after taxes.

5 0
3 years ago
Final Finishing is considering three mutually exclusive alternatives for a new polisher. Each alternative has an expected life o
valkas [14]

Answer:

1. 18.09%

2. 12%

3. 20.02%  

Explanation:

As the MARR is 15%, we will accept projects which have IRR more than 15%. As the projects are mutually exclusive, we will choose only one project.

An IRR (Internal Rate of Return) is the rate which makes the NPV (Net Present Value) = ZERO.

The formula to calculate IRR is: 0 = P0 + P1/(1+IRR) + P2/(1+IRR)2 + P3/(1+IRR)3 + . . . +Pn/(1+IRR)n where P0 = Initial cash outflow

And P1, . . . Pn equals the cash inflows in periods 1, 2, . . . n, respectively.      

1) IRR of project 1:

0 = -$20,000 + $4,465/(1+IRR)1 + $4,465/(1+IRR)2 + $4,465/(1+IRR)3 + . . . + $4,465/(1+IRR)10

Solving for IRR we have = 18.09%

2) IRR of project 2:

0 = -$10,000 + $1,770/(1+IRR)1 + $1,770/(1+IRR)2 + $1,770/(1+IRR)3 + . . . + $1,770/(1+IRR)10

Solving for IRR we have = 12%

3) IRR of project 3:

0 = -$15,000 + $3,580/(1+IRR)1 + $3,580/(1+IRR)2 + $3,580/(1+IRR)3 + . . . + $3,580/(1+IRR)10

Solving for IRR we have = 20.02%

We will choose project 3 as it has the highest IRR.

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Hopefully this helps! :)

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Several of the readings highlight the differences between firms in realizing IT value. What do you think are the biggest factors
jeyben [28]

Several of the readings highlight the differences between firms in realizing IT value. The biggest factors in creating these differences are growth prospects , earning history , location, concentration, staff and management, reputation etc.

Growth prospects - this factor looks at how much potential the business has to grow in the future.

Earning history - In earning history, income is a major factor in valuation of any business.

The importance of IT value is the first way to increase value is simply to increase the speed you deliver the kind of value people are willing to, offer better quality.

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