<u>Answer</u>:
Phytoplankton feed on nutrients brought up by upwelling.
Hence, option D is the right answer.
<u>Explanation</u>:
Phytoplankton are microscopic marine plants, i.e they live in water bodies. They are autotrophic, i.e they prepare their own food. They are called phytoplankton because they absorb photo energy i.e sunlight. They absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. As they need to absorb sunlight, they are present near the surface of the water.
Upwellings are ocean currents which bring nutrients from deep cold water to the surface. Upwellings happen because of the rotation of the Earth and winds. The phytoplankton depend on the nutrients brought by the upwellings to prepare their food using sunlight and they form the food for various sea animals.
Using the Gordon Growth Model (a.k.a. Dividend Discount Model), the intrinsic value of a stock can be calculated, exclusive of current market conditions. In this model, the value of the stock is equated to the present value of the stock's future dividends.
<span>Value of stock (P0) = D1 / (k - g)
</span>where
D1<span> = </span><span>expected annual </span>dividend<span> per share in the following year </span>
<span>k = the investor's discount rate or required </span>rate of return
g = the expected dividend growth rate
<u>From the problem:</u>
The value of stock is $10.80
D1 is $0.40
g is 0.08
k is unknown
Solution:
Rearranging the equation for Gordon Growth Model to solve for k:
k = (D1/P0) + g
Substituting the variables with the given values,
k = (0.40/10.80) + 0.08
k = 0.1170
In percent form, this is
0.1170 * 100% = 11.70%.
Thus, the total rate of return on the stock is 11.70%.
Answer:
Stock Price in 5 years: $97.94. Stock Price Today: $55.575
Explanation:
A pay-out ratio is computed by dividing dividends per share over earnings per share. Meanwhile, PE or Price-Earnings Ratio is computed by dividing the market value of stocks over earnings per share. Thus, using the pay-out ratio formula, the earnings per share is 2.925 ($1.17/40%) and using the PE ratio formula, the market price of stocks today is $55.575 (19 x 2.925). After 5 years, multiplying 1.17 and 12% rate raised to the 5th power, the dividend will amount to $5.1548. Using pay-out ratio, earnings per share is 5.1548 ($2.0619/40%) and the market price of stock after 5 years is $97.94 ($5.1548 x 19).
