It would be most likely necessary for instruments with pads. (Woodwind)
Yes, a PFO can be fixed using a non surgical procedure causing it to be closed and therefore fixing it.
The multi-store model of memory is a conceptual idea about how memory in our species works.
In short, the multi-store model of memory proposes three different types of memory - Sensory memory; very short, few second long stimulus retainment of what we see and what we're actually attentive towards. This is then forwarded to what we call short-term memory where memory is being stored for a bit longer. With information we're storing in short-term memory we then transfer it to the so called long-term memory where supposedly it can stay for very long.
Because most of the time they are not properly warming up the muscles necessary for the physical activity your partaking in.