Answer:
3000
Explanation:
- Human haploid genome >>> 3 x 10⁹ base pairs >>> 3,000,000,000 base pairs
- Human haploid genome >>> 10⁶ copies >>> 1,000,000 Alu Transposable Elements
- Space between each Alu Transposable Element (TE) >>>
3,000,000,000 base pairs / 1,000,000 Alu elements = 3,000 base pairs
Alu elements are highly repetitive DNA sequences that account for approximately 20% of the human genome. These sequences (Alu) are considered to be non-autonomous Transposable Elements (TEs) capable of transposing within the genome via an RNA intermediary.
Answer:
C. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption by increasing the number of Na+-K+ ATPase pumps in the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule.
Explanation:
The terminal part of distal convoluted tubules has two different types of cells: principal cells and intercalated cells. These cells are also present throughout the collecting duct. The principal cells serve to reabsorb Na+ and secrete K+ and have receptors for aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
The function of intercalated cells reabsorb HCO3 - and K+ and to secrete H+. Angiotensin II stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone which in turn stimulates the principal cells in the collecting ducts to reabsorb more Na+ and secrete more K+. The increased reabsorption of Na+ facilitates reabsorption of more water to increase blood volume and blood pressure.
Lack of food, space, and imbalance of predator and prey
The answer would be Prevent yourself from knowing what was in the pill bottles, and distributed the bottles randomly to the subjects
When researcher know which group got the treatment and which group got placebo, they might be biased. It will be better if the researcher is "blinded" and ask third party to help labeling the drug. The drug should be distributed randomly to makes the subject in control and treatment group as similar as possible.
