Answer:
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Nitrogen is the major nutrient required by grass and is used to
stimulate high growth rates and is key to achieving high yields, however
if too much nitrogen is applied this can have a negative effects on
quality.
High rates of nitrogen can also cause problems with silage
fermentation due to excess nitrate having a negative impact on the
fermentation process and will produce silage that is less palatable and
the animals will be less keen to eat it.
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Nitrate is generally taken up by grasses quicker than it is
incorporated into proteins and until used this excess known as luxury
uptake is stored in the leaves. Excess nitrate will be present if
insufficient time is allowed between application and mowing and can also
occur under conditions of poor growth eg low light levels, cool
temperatures. It is also a problem if there is a dry spell after
application, when nitrate cannot be taken up by the roots, followed by a
period of wet weather that results in luxury uptake. The plant cannot
convert it to protein quickly enough so it accumulates in the plant.
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High rates of nitrogen may cause a reduction in crop sugars as they
are used to provide energy for the increased rate of plant growth and
for the manufacture of plant proteins and this increased growth rate may
in turn lead to lower crop dry matter content although in practice this
is often not significant.
Excess nitrate can be avoided by following the Grassland Rule to apply nitrogen at the rate of no more than 2.5 kg N/ha/day.
Answer:
The correct answer is : C .It will decrease ATP production because fewer protons will be able flow down through ATP synthase.
Explanation:
- Oxidative Phosphorylation is a process which involves two steps:
- Transport of electrons from the reduced compounds like NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) and FADH₂ (Flavin adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen) through the electron transport complexes, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to oxygen for the generation of water molecules.
- Synthesis of ATP or adenosine triphosphate from ADP or adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by an enzyme called ATP synthase which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme harnesses energy by carrying protons from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix and in the process produces ATP.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria, especially involving the inter membrane space, inner membrane and mitochondrial matrix
- During the transport of electrons through the protein complexes (I, II, III, IV) of the electron transport chain a proton gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- The proton gradient is such that the concentration of protons is more in the inter-membrane space and less in the matrix of the mitochondria.
- This proton gradient provides the energy to the ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP.
- Dinitrophenol is responsible for making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. As a result protons can directly diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix equalising the concentration of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This causes distortion in the proton gradient. Hence, protons are no longer available for the ATP synthase to operate and synthesise ATP.
Hippos likely evolved from a group of anthracotheres about 15 million years ago, the first whales evolved over 50 million years ago, and the ancestor of both these groups was terrestrial. These first whales, such as Pakicetus, were typical land animals. They had long skulls and large carnivorous teeth. Hope I’ve helped ;)
Answer:
Carbon dioxide
Explanation:. Carbon dioxide enters through tiny holes in a plant's leaves, flowers, branches, stems, and roots. Plants also require water to make their food.