Answer: Cytoskeleton
Explanation: The cytoskeleton is the web of proteins in the cytoplasm. -It acts as a muscle and a skeleton. -It keeps the cell membrane from collapsing.
A mutation due to enviromental factors may cause a change in the DNA sequence ( like the deletion or addition of one nucleotide) during mitosis, leading to a growing mutation that can grow to become a tumor or even more become cancerous
Sympathetic-adreno-medullar (SAM) axis, secretes noradrenaline and norepinephrine and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, secretes glucocorticoids during stress.
SAM (Sympathetic-adreno-medullar) axis activation occurs in just a seconds as a result of a stressor and generate a adaptive respond towards stressor. The HPA axis is a slower response system involving release of corticosteroids .
Corticosteroids are corticotropin releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol, Which suppress the immune system . Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays a major role in the stress response by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
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Answer:
1.States that organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free-living prokaryotes which eventually lived symbiotically within larger cells, forming modern day eukaryotes.
2.Eukaryote, any cell or organism that possesses a clearly defined nucleus. The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus, in which the well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material) are located.
