Answer:
top down approach
Explanation:
Top down approach is process of breaking down system into sub-system which helps in formulating the overall system. At the end every sub system can be refined with more details.
While bottom up approach is process of gathering systems to design large complex system.
Top down is better as basic information is present and resources can be utilized effectively without impacting maintennance and operations.
Big-O notation is a way to describe a function that represents the n amount of times a program/function needs to be executed.
(I'm assuming that := is a typo and you mean just =, by the way)
In your case, you have two loops, nested within each other, and both loop to n (inclusive, meaning, that you loop for when i or j is equal to n), and both loops iterate by 1 each loop.
This means that both loops will therefore execute an n amount of times. Now, if the loops were NOT nested, our big-O would be O(2n), because 2 loops would run an n amount of times.
HOWEVER, since the j-loop is nested within i-loop, the j-loop executes every time the i-loop <span>ITERATES.
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As previously mentioned, for every i-loop, there would be an n amount of executions. So if the i-loop is called an n amount of times by the j loop (which executes n times), the big-O notation would be O(n*n), or O(n^2).
(tl;dr) In basic, it is O(n^2) because the loops are nested, meaning that the i-loop would be called n times, and for each iteration, it would call the j-loop n times, resulting in n*n runs.
A way to verify this is to write and test program the above. I sometimes find it easier to wrap my head around concepts after testing them myself.
Answer:
Pluggable authentication modules (PAM).
Explanation:
These are schemes that are seen to be used in API authentication. It is relyed on to provide high authentification protocool in any correct form it is seen to be in use. also its ability to grant access to each other within two people interface are reasons big user clients refer to it in most of their policies that deals with their working system passwords and their database passwords to most of their files. This is why the company in the context which is a big firm rely on it for its services.
Answer:
You have to do that on your computer not someone elses....
Explanation: you have to do it
