The correct answer is D. new territory that contributed to the formation of seven new states.
After the Mexican-American War, the US and Mexico agreed to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. This treaty favored the United States heavily, as they won the Mexican-American War. The ultimate goal of this war was to gain land from Mexico, which they accomplished. The Mexican Cession resulted in the United States gaining several thousand square miles of territories. This would result in the creation of states like California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, etc.
The fall of the Inca Empire in the 1530s began with the Spanish bringing disease, small pox, over to the Inca Empire, (which is Peru) which killed thousands of Incas. After the Spanish brought over disease the emperor Atahuallpa was captured and then executed by Francisco Pizarro who was the leader of the Spanish. When the emperor died his two sons tired to rule the empire which caused a civil out break on who would take over. It ended when Atahualpa captured Huascar and killed him. When the Spanish tired to takeover the Inca empire they had firearms which could have easily taken over the Incas and their weapons which were not as advanced as the Spanish.
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