In this section we are going to see how knowledge of some fairly simple graphs can help us graph some more complicated graphs. Collectively the methods we’re going to be looking at in this section are called transformations.
Vertical Shifts
The first transformation we’ll look at is a vertical shift.
Answer: 
Step-by-step explanation:


Normally we wouldn't have our square variable be negative, so in order to get rid of that negative sign without changing the equation is by multiplying by -1

Answer:
31.41592...
Step-by-step explanation:
If the radius of the circle is 10 inches, the circle's circumference is 31.4 because you calculate circumference as follows:
x = r * pi (3.1415926535)
Answer:
D
Step-by-step explanation:
D