The efficiency of work is a dimensionless value, and is equivalent to the ratio of the actual work output to the theoretical work requirement. This can be calculated using the equation:
Efficiency = (actual work) / (work requirement) = 123/150 = 0.82
The higher the efficiency, the better performance is given by the system. In reality, efficiency is always lower than 1 which is the ideal value.
<span> purines: adenine, guanine
pyrimidines: thymine, cytosine, uracil </span>
Lysosomes use or make use of hydrolyzing and other digestive enzymes to break down foreign matter and dead cells. Upon releasing such substances, these substances are broken down and are released from the cell.
Observations
The first observation is overproduction. This means all species produce more offspring than will survive to become adults. Think of all the thousands of fish eggs produced each year. This means populations of species should be getting larger all the time, but they aren't, because there are mechanisms in place to curb population explosions, such as competition for food, predation, and disease. From this, Darwin was able to make a deduction: there is a struggle for existence. Many of those fish eggs are food for predators, who would not survive without them.
Darwin's second observation was variation. This means members of the same species show variation in characteristics. For example, zebras show variation in pattern and color of their stripes. Goldfish have gold scales, orange scales, or brown scales, or a mixture of all three.
Variation applies to all traits, even those essential for the survival of the individual organism. An eagle depends on excellent eyesight to locate prey, but it can still be born shortsighted. This means that variations are random and are not specific to any favorable adaptation.
The next observation, selection , means organisms that survive are more likely to reproduce and pass on favorable adaptations to their offspring than those with unfavorable adaptations. For example, height is an inheritable characteristic, and for the giraffe, having long necks (which added to their height) was reproductively advantageous. The taller giraffes were able to reach leaves in tall trees, which kept them alive longer, and able to reproduce, making them more reproductively fit than shorter giraffes who couldn't reach those leaves and died without reproducing.
The last observation Darwin made wasadaptation . This means that some traits are passed on to new generations and become common within the population, like the long neck of the giraffe. This doesn't happen overnight, it takes time for these traits to spread throughout a population.
So, what does this mean for natural selection and genetic diversity? Let's find out.
Explanation:
Pollen grains are the male gametes in plants. It is present on the anthers. Pollen grains finds its way to the ovule by the process of pollination. The structure of pollen grains vary from one species of flower to another. The hibiscus and spider lily both have circular pollen grain.
However, the atomic structure of pollen grain of hibiscus represents the Buckminster fullerene but is not shown in spider lily. The pollen grains of hibiscus have spikes on its surface.
