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kogti [31]
3 years ago
5

Please help

Biology
2 answers:
butalik [34]3 years ago
8 0

The right answer is: The antibodies mistakenly identify the cells as foreign material.

The role of an antibody is to recognize a foreign antigen in order to neutralize it. They can achieve this thanks to the great specificity of their paratope, which recognizes only a very precise part of the antigen: the epitope. As soon as an antibody recognizes an epitope, the B lymphocyte that codes for that specific antibody multiplies and matures in order to synthesize the same antibodies, useful in large quantities.

The phenomenon described in the question is an autoimmunity mediated by autoantibodies.

An autoantibody is an antibody produced by the immune system and directed against one or more proteins of the individual himself

Many autoimmune diseases are due to the presence of these autoantibodies, but the presence of autoantibodies is not necessarily synonymous with such a disease.

Some scientists say that they could have a beneficial role in cleaning up cell debris resulting from a disease.

The way in which these autoantibodies are produced, their precise role, and the reason why they decrease in individuals with certain diseases, are all issues that remain unresolved.

MrMuchimi3 years ago
6 0

the antibodies mistakenly identify the cells as foreign material

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On the surface, crawling speed varies both within and among individuals. Earthworms crawl faster primarily by taking longer "strides" and a greater frequency of strides. Larger Lumbricus terrestris worms crawl at a greater absolute speed than smaller worms. They achieve this by taking slightly longer strides but with slightly lower stride frequencies.

Touching an earthworm, which causes a "pressure" response as well as  a response to the dehydrating quality of the salt on human skin, stimulates the subepidermal nerve plexus which connects to the intermuscular plexus and causes the longitudinal muscles to contract. This causes the writhing movements observed when a human picks up an earthworm. This behaviour is a reflex and does not require the CNS; it occurs even if the nerve cord is removed. Each segment of the earthworm has its own nerve plexus. The plexus of one segment is not connected directly to that of adjacent segments. The nerve cord is required to connect the nervous systems of the segments.

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