Answer:
Reliable but not valid
Explanation:
Validity and reliability are two concepts in research study that is used for evaluating the quality of a research. They show how well a test, or a method measures something. Reliability is a measure of how consistent the test or measure is, while validity measures the accuracy level of the test or measure. In the example above, the measure is reliable, because the consistency of the result is not in doubt here, what is in doubt is how accurate the measure us. Here the respondents are unwilling to report unhappy feelings because they dont want to be judged, hence validity will be questioned here.
Why did you delete my answer
It made it harder for the countries to achieve unity.
One example for this is the separate existence of Chile and Argentina - they are separate counties, because they are separated by the Andes.
Generally, natural borders, such as rivers and jungles made the political unity harder.
In company towns, most services (housing, education, etc.) were provided by the employer for the workers. This meant that the workers depended on the company for the fulfillment of all their basic needs.
If the company disliked the idea of the workers joining a union, as they often did, then they had several means to pressure workers into compliance. They could raise rents or evict them from their homes, for example. This monopoly put workers in a tough situation, and discouraged them from joining unions.
This behavior of Caroline is influenced by the conditioning. She got sick a few times, after consuming potato chips, and now has developed a psychology that potato chips will make her sick. This is the conditioning effect, which has affected her taste preferences.
