Answer:
G-banding or Giemsa banding is a technique used to study the chromosomes by staining then at condensed stage. The visible karyotype can be used by this technique. The genetic diseases can be easily identified by this G banding technique.
The base composition of the genes (nucleotide) are stained by the dye known as Giemsa stain. The nitrogenous base adenine and thymine of the heterochromatic region of chromosome stained darkly in this technique. The darkly stained area is generally gene poor area.
<span>Guarana i think but i'm not very sure</span>
Answer:
In eukaryotic cells you find core and proximal promoters.
Promotors are specific DNA sequences where transcription factors (proteins) and RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription. Promotors are located upstream the coding sequence
Core promoters are where RNA polymersae binds and proximal promoters are where transcription factors bind.
Enhancer elements are DNA sequences where transcription factors (proteins) bind to increase the rate of expresion of an specific gene. Enhancers can be located either upstream, downstream or thousands of nucleotids away from the of the coding region.
Explanation:
Promoters and enhancer are key elements for controling gene regulation. Transcription begins when chromatin rearranges from a condensed state to a accesible state, this allow to transcrition factors and RNA polymerase to bind specif DNA sequences (promotors). Proteins bind to enhancers , this complex develops a DNA loop, so that the protein that is bound to the enhancer interacts with the RNA polymersase. When this interaction is made, the activity of the RNA polymerase is increased.
They are semi-permeable because they can diffuse and pass through the plasma membrane easily.
