Answers:
a) carcinogenic
b) anti-carcinogenic
c) carcinogenic
d) carcinogenic
e) carcinogenic
f) anti-carcinogenic
g) anti-carcinogenic
h) anti-carcinogenic
Explanation:
Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression through the cell cycle, i.e., the transition of G1 to S phase. It is well known that high cyclin expression may lead to cell proliferation states, which is closely associated with cancer progression. Moreover, the blockage of cyclins may have an anti-carcinogenic effect by inhibiting the progression through the cell cycle. MAP kinases are serine/threonine kinases that regulate the progression through the cell cycle by phosphorylating a variety of substrates during cell proliferation. In consequence, phosphatases that inactivate MAPK kinases (i.e., by dephosphorylation) may have an anticarcinogenic effect. The p53 is a tumor suppressor protein involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair, cycle arrest and programmed cell death. This protein (p53) is activated by phosphorylation at target residues and phosphatases inactivate it, thereby the blockage of its degradation may have an anticarcinogenic effect. Oncogene activation (i.e., the expression of oncogenes), may alter diverse cellular processes including DNA replication, and thereby may lead to cancer development. The G-protein α subunit is a GTPase that hydrolyses GTP and thus has a major role in controlling the kinetics of the G-protein signaling cascade. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) are kinase receptors that play roles in regulating cellular differentiation, cell proliferation and cell growth. PDGFR receptors are present on the surface of normal cells, however, it has been shown that mutations of the PDGFR genes that lead to their high expression lead to uncontrolled cell growth and consequently cause cancer (i.e., by increasing PDGF signaling).
Absolute dating can be determined by tree ring patterns.
<span>Dendrochronology or </span>tree-ring<span> <span>dating, is the scientific method of dating
based on the analysis of patterns of </span></span>tree rings, also
known as growth rings
The correct answer between all the choices given is the
first choice or letter A. I am hoping that this answer has satisfied your query
and it will be able to help you in your endeavor, and if you would like, feel
free to ask another question.
Answer:
The molecule that contains the codon during translation is mRNA or messenger RNA (option C).
Explanation:
The mRNA is the product of the transcription of the information contained in the DNA, originating a nitrogenous base sequence complementary to the sequence present in the originating DNA.
The sequence of nitrogenous bases in the mRNA is translated into <u>fragments of three nitrogenous bases</u>, called triplets or codons, each of which encodes a specific aminoacid, which will be incorporated during protein synthesis, in the order previously determined.
Learn more:
Codon - translation brainly.com/question/13841340
Answer:
i think it is gas from cars
Explanation:
hope this helps
Not true, certain chemical transmitters stimulate certain receptors
