ling used to rush to her infant son and pick him up every time he cried. lately, she has stopped rushing to him, and he has decreased his crying. according to the principles of operant conditioning, this is due to extinction
Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a form of associative learning process whereby the strength of a behaviour is altered by rewards or penalties. It is also a method that is employed to facilitate such learning.
Although both operant and classical conditioning entail actions that are influenced by their surroundings, they are fundamentally different. In operant conditioning, environmental cues dictate behaviour. A toddler may learn, for instance, how to open a box to retrieve the candy inside or how to keep their hands away from a hot stove; in operant terminology, these are both "discriminative stimuli." It is argued that operational behaviour is "voluntary". Operant responses are those that are controlled by the organism.
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Black and white cultures developed separately from each other, the separation created a stigma for either race toward the other, as a subject of the taboo. There was a constant tension, a relationship that bred whites to feel superior and blacks to feel inferior. It also heavily affected literature, music, and art for both races - leading to "White Man's Burden", "Uncle Tom's Cabin", as well as the explosion of new styles of music coming from the black newly freedmen/women of the south. It was a terrible and but extremely influential and creative period for black culture.
D. The creation of nation legislature
Answer:
The correct answer is (D)
Explanation:
Peter the Great was the Tsar of Russia between 1682 and 1725. He sought to transform Russia into a great European power, and sucessfully expanded the territory of the Russian Empire through a series of wars against its neighbors.
Worried for what he deemed to be the backwardness of his country, he also launched a modernization program, aiming to Europeanize Russia. He adopted European clothing styles, customs, and manners, and reformed the country's administrative systems such as the Duma and other consultative bodies following European models. He founded the city of St. Petersburg on the shores of the Baltic Sea, and modelled it after other Europeans capitals, with the city becoming Russia's window into Europe. As part of his modernizing drives, he <u>adopted </u><u>mercantilist</u><u> policies to stimulate growth of the economy</u>, in the same vein other Europeans power had done during that time. Peter the Great hoped to improve agriculture by adopting modern practices and to develop a domestic industry. However, due to Russia's economic backwardness and huge size, the mercantilist policies weren't as successful as expected and Russia remained a primarily feudal agricultural state.
While he felt short of his goal of fully Europeanizing Russia, Peter the Great's policies had a huge impact on Russia, transforming it into a major European power.
Answer:
Because the physicians blamed the Black Death on an evil, polluted fog, logical recommendations to prevent the fever involved avoiding these miasmas, or corruptions of air.
Fires were a popular method of warding off miasmas. They were burned at street corners; even the pope sat between two large fires. People were urged to burn aromatic woods, but other scents would do as well, including rosemary, amber, musk and fragrant flowers. When they walked, people took their scents with them, carrying packets of herbs. Some plague-proofed their homes by putting glazes over the southern windows to block the polluted southern wind. People were advised not to eat meat or figs and to avoid activities that would open the pores to a miasma, including bathing, exercising and physical intimacy. Stranger recommendations circulated as well, including not sleeping during the daytime and avoiding sad thoughts about death and disease.
Explanation:
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