<h2>
Answer: a bee trying to escape from a closed jar </h2>
In an atom the electrons will occupy orbitals so that their energy is as small as possible. That is why the orbitals are ordered based on their energy level in an increasing order, which is associated with a particular range of energy based on its distance from the atom nucleus.
In this sense, an electron "jumps" from one level to another in the atom in the same way a bee tries to escape from a closed jar.
Answer:
the rate of flow = 29.28 ×10⁻³ m³/s or 0.029 m³/s
Explanation:
Given:
Diameter of the pipe = 100mm = 0.1m
Contraction ratio = 0.5
thus, diameter at the throat of venturimeter = 0.5×0.1m = 0.05m
The formula for discharge through a venturimeter is given as:

Where,
is the coefficient of discharge = 0.97 (given)
A₁ = Area of the pipe
A₁ = 
A₂ = Area at the throat
A₂ = 
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8m/s²
Now,
The gauge pressure at throat = Absolute pressure - The atmospheric pressure
⇒The gauge pressure at throat = 2 - 10.3 = -8.3 m (Atmosphric pressure = 10.3 m of water)
Thus, the pressure difference at the throat and the pipe = 3- (-8.3) = 11.3m
Substituting the values in the discharge formula we get
or

or
Q = 29.28 ×10⁻³ m³/s
Hence, the rate of flow = 29.28 ×10⁻³ m³/s or 0.029 m³/s