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A painting by Vincent van Gogh depicting a caravan of nomadic Romani
Look up nomad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
A nomad (Middle French: nomade "people without fixed habitation")[1][dubious – discuss] is a member of a community without fixed habitation which regularly moves to and from the same areas. Such groups include hunter-gatherers, pastoral nomads (owning livestock), and tinkers or trader nomads.[2][3] In the twentieth century, population of nomadic pastoral tribes slowly decreased, reaching to an estimated 30–40 million nomads in the world as of 1995.[4][5]
Nomadic hunting and gathering—following seasonally available wild plants and game—is by far the oldest human subsistence method.[6] Pastoralists raise herds, driving or accompanying in patterns that normally avoid depleting pastures beyond their ability to recover.[7]
Nomadism is also a lifestyle adapted to infertile regions such as steppe, tundra, or ice and sand, where mobility is the most efficient strategy for exploiting scarce resources. For example, many groups living in the tundra are reindeer herders and are semi-nomadic, following forage for their animals.
Sometimes also described as "nomadic" are the various itinerant populations who move among densely populated areas to offer specialized services (crafts or trades) to their residents—external consultants, for example. These groups are known[by whom?] as "peripatetic nomads
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