Answer:
<em>Light-dependent reactions</em>
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Explanation:
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages: light-dependent reactions and light independent-reactions. This last stage is often called Calvin cycle.
The diagram shows reactions occurred in the thylakoid membranes which are located inside the chloroplasts. Therefore, we can identify that these reactions are the light-dependent reactions. During this part of photosynthesis, the energy from the sunlight is absorbed by a pigment called chlorophyl (Chl). Then, it is sequentially coverted into chemical energy stored in the form of molecules: NADPH (nitotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Answer:
a. Biomagnification
Explanation:
Biomagnification is the name given to the progressive accumulation of substances from one trophic level to another along a food chain. Thus, the substance will have its highest concentration in individuals who occupy trophic levels furthest from producers.
For biomagnification to occur, substances must be fat soluble (lipid soluble) and thus adhere to living tissues. Another feature of substances that undergo biomagnification is that they are generally not biodegradable or metabolized by the body.
The phenomenon is quite common with heavy metals (lead; mercury) and certain chlorinated and aromatic organic compounds with higher molecular mass, such as the insecticide DDT.
Answer:
c) Gives a cell its distinctive characteristics
Explanation:
Carbohydrates perform two main functions in the cell's membrane: <em>they participate in cell recognition and adhesion</em> (cell-cell signaling or cell-pathogen interactions), they also have a structural role as a physical barrier.
Most of the carbohydrates linked to the membrane are in the form of <em>glycoproteins oy glycolipids</em>, these are the molecules that share information and recognize host cells. <em>Glycocalyx </em>is another way we find carbohydrates in the cell membrane, this layer has cell-adhesion molecules that enable cells to adhere to each other.
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Answer:
Explanation:
a) Ph that is below or above the optimal range will result in enzyme activity loss. if the pH changes above or below optimum range affects the charges that is present on the amino acid molecules. Amino acids presrnt in the active site of enzymes that attracted each other may no longer continue to be attracted. Again, the shape of the active site of the enzyme changes due to the substrate binding will be affected. conclusively, we can say that the enzymes are denatured.
b) researchers are most likely to use a negative control when measuring the rate of reaction in the presence of each organisms. enolase is controlled with no enzyme.
c) c) Since the C.aurantiacus grows best at 550C , we can say that the enzymes that they produce must be at this temperature and so they must be sensitive to this temperature ; hence they would show more activity at 550C temperature.
Translation of mRNA into a peptide occurs in sequences of 3 nucleotides called codons. Each codon codes for one amino acid. Therefore, as the ribosome reads the codon sequence, it recruits a t-RNA carrying the respective amino acid. A peptide bond is thereafter formed on the growing amino acid chain before the ribosome translocates to read the next codon. This continues until the ribosome reads a stop codon signaling the end of the peptide.
