Answer:
operant conditioning; classical conditioning
Explanation:
A learned association between a response and a stimulus is to operant conditioning as a learned association between two stimuli is to classical conditioning(is learning through association whereby a conditioned stimulus becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus in order to produce a behavioral response known as a conditioned response )
If you are referring to the time after USA declared independence Europe was in a mess as war was raging on in Europe most commonly known as the "Napoleonic Wars".
Hope that helped! :)
I believe it’s called Graded exposure therapy but I’m not sure
The answer is c. critique!
