First, you want to find out how much percent is in one square. To find that out you divide 5 by 100 because 100 is basically 1 in this situation. 100/5 is equal to 20% so that means any one part (Shaded or not) is 20%. Then add the shaded squared up and you get 40%.
is undefined when denominator equates to zero. The critical point is:
b) when numerator equates to zero. That is:
This equation shows two critical points:
,
c) The critical points found in point b) and the existence of a discontinuity in point a) lead to the conclusion of the existence local minima and maxima. By plotting the function, it is evident that corresponds to a local maximum. (See Attachment)
d) By plotting the function, it is evident that corresponds to a local minimum. (See Attachment)