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Semenov [28]
3 years ago
9

Compare the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the cell membrane. (4 marks)

Biology
1 answer:
lana66690 [7]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Molecules naturally disperse from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration.

As oxygen-rich (and carbon dioxide-poor) blood travels by a cell the oxygen diffuses through the cell membrane to the area of lower concentration inside the cell. It can do this easily because the oxygen molecule (O2) is very small and has no charge or polarity. The oxygen is used up rapidly by mitochondria. This rapid consumption causes oxygen to constantly move into the cell from the blood.

The mitochondria creates carbon dioxide (CO2) as a waste product of cellular respiration (the process that makes energy for your body). Because the CO2 is of a higher concentration in the cell than in the blood passing by, this gas continually diffuses out of the cell. It too is small and uncharged so it can pass through cell membranes easily.

These movements require no energy (in the form of ATP) on behalf of the cell.

Explanation:

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Which kingdom would include organisms that are all heterotrophic and motile?
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First, let's define our terms -

<u>Heterotrophic</u>: consumes other organisms to survive, as opposed to <em>autotrophic</em>

<u>Motile</u>: can move around, as opposed to <em>sessile</em>

There is debate on what constitutes a kingdom, but I generally go with the 6 kingdoms model, which includes animalia, plantae, fungi, protista, eubacteria, and archaebacteria.

Fungi, though heterotrophic, include mushrooms, which are obviously stationary (sessile). So we can rule them out.

Plantae are your traditional plants, which clearly fit neither of the categories, being sessile and phototrophic (they get energy from light, not other organisms.)

Archaebacteria are mostly autotrophs. I doubt they would be considered anyway.

Eubacteria, your traditional bacteria, include cyanobacteria, which are photosynthetic, and other exceptions. I don't think this is what the question is going for.

Protista are essentially the spare parts drawer of the kingdom system. They vary widely in being hetero- or autotrophic, so they certainly don't fit the criteria.

I can only conclude that this question is asking for animalia, which <em>for the most part </em>are heterotrophic and motile. (An exception is the most primitive, sponges or porifera, which are sessile and can't move around, but I expect this is what the question is looking for.) Because heterotrophy and motility are two defining features of animalia, most likely this is what the question is asking. This is a difficult question, because biologists themselves aren't real decided on the right answer.

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