Answer:
The distance is 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shortest distance from the point (4,2) to the line y=-2, in this case, would be a straight line perpendicular to y=-2.
For each and every value of "x" on the line, y = -2. The shortest distance occurs at y(4) = - 2.
At this point the distance is:

The distance is 4.
As this rectangle has it's sides parallel to x axis and y axis
it is easy to find the length of it's sides by counting the number of blocks on each sides.
Let us first find co ordinates of all four points
we would calculate them left and right and up down direction from the origian ( the cross point of x and y axis )
A : it is 2 unit left 2 unit up ( -2 , +2 )
B is 5 unit right 2 unit up ( +5 ,+2)
C is 5 unit right 2 unit down ( +5,-2)
D is 2 unit left 2 unit down ( -2,-2)
Let us now find the distance AB : A is 2 unit left B is 5 unit right so length AB= 2+5 = 7
Let us now find distance AD : A is 2 unit up and D is 2 unit down
so length AD= 2+2= 4
Answer should be 7 x 4 units