Answer: d. a species is in stable and favorable environments.
Explanation:
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction which can be seen in the simple organisms. A single organism give birth to many offsprings. This process does not requires mates and gamete formation. The sexual mode of reproduction involves two parents of opposite sex. This process requires gamete formation. When the gametes of opposite sex fuse together they form a zygote which is a precursor of new offspring.
Asexual reproduction results in greater reproductive success than sexual reproduction as this process does not require mates to give birth to the offsprings. But the asexually reproducing organisms requires stable and favorable environments for production of large number of offsprings. If the external environmental conditions are unfavorable the organism will not survive and reproduce. Thus the reproductive success will decline.
Most are composed of the eight most abundant elements in the Earth's crust, like oxygen and silcon.
Answer:
The product of glycolysis is two molecules of pyruvate. It is a three-carbon compound. This pyruvate again undergoes oxidation in the cytoplasm. This process is called pyruvate oxidation which produces Acetyl CoA. The Acetyl CoA is a two-carbon molecule.
Acetyl CoA again used for the citric acid cycle. This is also called as Kreb's cycle / TCA cycle. Because citric acid has 3 carboxylic groups. The acetyl coenzyme produces NADH, FADH2, ATP. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial membrane. This is an 8 step process. The first product is citric acid. The other products of each step are isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, succinate, Fumarate, L - malate, and Oxaloacetate (OAA).
Another process of aerobic respiration is the electron transport chain ( ETS). Here the energy stored in NADH, FADH2 in the citric acid cycle are utilized. It is a chain of electron carriers. ETS occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
In short, the glucose splits by glycolysis and produces ATP, NADPH, and final product pyruvate. The pyruvate is oxidized and forms acetyle coenzyme. This is used in the TCA / citric acid cycle. In this process also NADH, FADH2 which forms electrons are produced. Theses electrons are carried by different electron carriers and accepted by oxygen.
In the process of pyruvate oxidation 6 ATP, and in Kreb's cycle 18 ATPs, in ETS, 4 ATPs are produced. In addition to this in glycolysis produces 4 ATPs. The total number of ATP in aerobic respiration is 32 ATP.
If<span> it is expressing the </span>recessive phenotype<span>, then </span>you know<span> right away what the</span>genotype<span> is. For </span>example<span>, for the </span>recessive<span> trait of green-colored peas versus the dominant trait yellow-colored peas. </span>If you<span> have green peas, then </span>you know<span> this plant has the homozygous </span>recessive genotype<span> for the pea color gene.</span>
1. remaining skin cells still have the mutation that causes the cancer in their DNA, even if the symptoms are removed
2. it is likely to affect an entire chromosome because during meiosis there may be errors in crossing over when the condensed chromosomes can exchange large parts of the chromosomes in error
