Nick is taking the train into New York City with Tom Buchanan. He begins the chapter by describing an area he calls a valley of ashes. It is an area where ashes from coal burning furnaces are deposited. Everything is gray and lifeless, even the people who work and live in the area.
Since the author wrote the story and is in charge of things going in that particular book, it has a full knowledge of all characters, rather than just one character.
Look for adjectives or antonyms that mean the same a determined
The answer to this is symbol because symbol stands for an abstract idea such as an idea, quality, concept or condition.
