Many people talk about academic excellence — but who or what really defines this elusive quality?
Michèle Lamont, Robert I. Goldman Professor of European Studies and professor of sociology and of African and African American studies, analyzes the system of peer review in her new book “How Professors Think: Inside the Curious World of Academic Judgment” (Harvard University Press, 2009). By examining the process of scholarly evaluation, she also addresses larger questions about academia.
“In some ways studying peer evaluation and review is a point of entry into a much broader issue, which is the issue of meritocracy in American higher education,” says Lamont.
To research the book, Lamont interviewed panelists from research councils and societies of fellows who were evaluating proposals for research funding in the social sciences and the humanities.
Lamont explains that academics must constantly make evaluations, whether of scientific findings or of graduate students. Expertise, personal taste, and the perspective of the evaluator play into the decision-making process, she writes.
“A lot of what the book does is to look at what criteria people use to judge and what meaning they give to these criteria,” says Lamont. “So for instance, what do they mean by ‘significance’ and what do they mean by ‘originality’? How does the definition of ‘originality’ and ‘significance’ vary between philosophy and economics? How strong is the consensus between fields?
In contrast to teams that interact face-to-face, virtual teams are characterized by low social rapport and direct interaction. Thus the correct option is B.
<h3>What is Team?</h3>
When a group of people comes together in a formal setting to accomplish a common objective by playing an individual role in collaborative action is called a Team.
In virtual teams, there is no face-to-face interaction so there is no social rapport among team members which occurs during the physical interaction in an office setting by establishing relationships.
Therefore, option B is appropriate.
Learn more about Team, here:
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The complete question is -
A) low popularity among companies
B) low social rapport and direct interaction
C) low sharing of unique information
D) low need for supervision
E) low need for publicizing throughout the organization
Answer:
The Fifth Amendment creates a number of rights relevant to both criminal and civil legal proceedings. In criminal cases , the Fifth Amendment guarantees the right to a grand jury , forbids “ double jeopardy ,” and protects against self-incrimination
Explanation:
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This is an example of transience, one of the seven sins of memory
Answer:
Objective; construct validity
Explanation:
