Answer:
Option-C
Explanation:
Mitophagy refers to the process which is evolutionarily conserved in the organisms to remove the dysfunctional mitochondria in the cell.
The mitochondrial is degraded by the digestive organelles by engulfing the mitochondria.
The mitochondria are engulfed by the lysosome and then phagosome is formed which is double membrane structure.
This phagosome matures into the autophagosome and now has the mitochondria engulfed.
Since the mitochondria contain toe layer and during mitophagy engulfed by the phagosome, therefore, there is a total of four-layer.These four layers separate the matric of the mitochondria with the cytosol.
Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.
Answer:
Osteochondral Progenitor cells
Explanation:
Osteochondral Progenitor cells are cells that can form a specific type of tissue. These cells form cells that can give rise to the bone and its components, especially fibers. These Progenitor cells originate from the mesenchymal stem cells.
The cells which form the bone are known as the osteoblasts and the cell which forms the fiber is known as the chondroblasts.
Thus, Osteochondral Progenitor cells is correct.
Natural Selection proposes that organisms that are better adapted to their environment are able to survive and reproduce.
Even though these frogs are the same species, their shades of green is what helps them to survive in their habitat. In this case, frogs with a lighter shade of green are able to be seen by predators easier, whereas frogs with darker shades are able to blend in (camouflage) more with their surroundings. After a period of time, due to them being easily seen, lighter-shaded green frogs will die off.
To anseer your question, natural selection would have a gradual affect on the frequency of the alleles. Lighter-green allele frequencies would eventually cut off, and darker-green allele frequencies will increase.
Hopefully the following image will help:
As seen in the image, (please forgive the quality, as I had drawn this on some random kids drawing site on the internet...) you can see the affects of natural selection on the allele frequencies. The brighter-green shades gradually decrease over time, as the darker shades increase.
Hope you find this helpful.
Answer:
Bolus is the food that is mashed up in your mouth. After it is digested in the stomach, the food is called chyme. Bolus is more alkaline than chyme because it is exposed to alkaline saliva.
Explanation: