Oxidative phosphorylation relies on the hydrogen ion concentration gradient generated and maintained by the electron transport chain.
Hydrogen ions are actively transported out of the mitochondrial matrix.
Hydrogen ion concentration is higher in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix.
Since the rate of flashing depends on the rate of reaction, it means that fireflies will flash slower during cold weather.
<h3>How does temperature affect rate of reactions?</h3>
Temperature affects the rate of reaction such that reactions are faster at high temperatures and slower at low temperatures.
Thus, since the rate of flashing in fireflies depends on the rate of reaction, cold temperature means that the rate of flashing will be low as compared to warm temperature.
In other words, fireflies will flash lower during cold weather and vice versa.
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At short focusing distances, ciliary muscles contract causing the suspensory ligaments to tighten.
The ciliary muscle is an integral muscle of the eye that is constructed as a ring of smooth muscle in the middle layer of the eye, the uvea (vascular layer). It regulates the passage of aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal and governs accommodation for observing objects at different distances.
A suspensory ligament is a ligament that provides support to a body part, particularly an organ. The suspensory ligament protects the fetlock from hyperextension (i.e., falling too low) during exercise. The ligament begins in both the fore and hindlimbs at its connection to the back of the upper cannon bone.
When the ciliary muscle relaxes, its diameter increases; when the suspensory ligaments tighten, the lens becomes thinner. This occurs when concentrating on a celestial object. When the ciliary muscle contracts, the lens becomes much more circular and has more focusing power because the pressure on the zonular fibers is reduced. When the ciliary muscles relax, these fibers contract, pulling the lens out and creating a flatter shape with less focusing power
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Answer:The excretory system is a close partner with both the circulatory and endocrine system. The circulatory system connection is obvious. Blood that circulates through the body passes through one of the two kidneys. Urea, uric acid, and water are removed from the blood and most of the water is put back into the system.
Explanation:
Answer:
Neurilemma
Explanation:
Schwann cells are the neuroglia that produces myelin sheaths. There is a formation of multiple layers of the glial plasma membrane around axons. The cytoplasm and nucleus of Schwann cells from the outermost layer while the inner part has multiple layers of the Schwann cell membrane. The outer nucleated cytoplasmic layer of the Schwann cell that encloses the myelin sheath is called neurolemma. It is found only around axons in the PNS. Its function is to serve in the regeneration of injured axons by the formation of a regeneration tube.
