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Tropical forests are typically biodiversity hotspots and are usually filled with endemic species. The Upper Amazonia/Guyana Shield, the Congo Basin, and the New Guinea/Melanesian Islands have the highest number of endemic terrestrial (land-living) species on Earth
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Human and apes have 5 fingers that are used for grasping objects, so they have the same function, but they also have a common ancestor and are closely related, that means that this is an example of homologous structures. In evolutionary biology, the term homologous structures means that there are organs and skeletal elements of animals and organisms, that by virtue of their similarity, suggest their connection to a common ancestor.
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Dependent on the level of comparison four types of homology are defined: ( 1) Iterative ( = serial = homonomy), (2) ontogenetic, (3) di- or polymor- phic, and (4) supraspecific homology. ... Scientists have recently been paying renewed attention to the homology question.
Homology is the study of likeness, the similarity between species that results from inheritance of traits from a common ancestor. The study of similarities is broken up into three main categories: structural, developmental, and molecular homology.
