50% probability that a human sperm cell will carry an X chromosome
If a plant cell had a mutation such that the cyclic electron flow is observed at a much higher rate, which photosystem is most likely mutated such that energy is absorbed at a lower rate?
PSI
PSII
Answer:
PSII
Explanation:
Non-cyclic phosphorylation involves both PSI and PSII. The process starts with the splitting of water and excitation of electrons of the reaction center of PSII upon the absorption of solar energy at the wavelength of 680 nm. Any mutation in PSII would not allow the non-cyclic phosphorylation to occur when only cyclic phosphorylation would occur. The process of cyclic phosphorylation includes only PS I. Its reaction center absorbs maximum light at 700 nm and is cycled back while supporting ATP synthesis. Therefore, if a plant performs cyclic phosphorylation at a higher rate and absorbs less energy, this means that mutation was in PSII.
That is correct, a good description of the HYPODERMIS. Hence many syringes get the name "hypodermic" needles.
Answer:
The answer is letter A.
Explanation:
A loss-of-function mutant in the gene encoding Mad2.
B) This is false, because enzymes do the complete opposite.
