(D. Gestalt psychology) , is the school of psychology that believes perception is more than the sum of its parts, it involves a whole pattern
This type of school of psychology studied how all components of sensations are assembled into one's perception
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Jumping spiders live in a variety of habitats. Tropical forests harbor the most species, but they are also found in temperate forests, scrub lands, deserts, intertidal zones, and mountainous regions.
An example of such an event can be when the Civil War ended. The country went back to the gold standard and destroyed large sums of civil war money which was useless now. This led to a major deflation because there was suddenly much less money than before and the money had higher value than before.
I think is the second one, two countries impose tariffs on each others products because a trade war is an economic conflict resulting from extreme protectionism in which states raise or create tariffs or other trade barriers against each other.