Answer:
The bacterial DNA gets degraded at step 3 of the viral lytic cycle.
Explanation:
Viruses are organisms that are incapable of replicating on their own, hence, they require a living host which they infect and use its replicational ability to reproduce theirselves. The infection cycle of this virus is regarded as its replication cycle. Viruses employ either the LYTIC or LYSOGENIC cycle for infection.
The lytic cycle involves killing of their host cell at the end of the cycle. Generally, the cycle starts with the attachment of my the virus to the cell membrane of its host using specific receptor sites (step 1). It then penetrates the host cell as seen in step 2.
After penetration, the virus then secretes certain degrading enzymes called ENDONUCLEASES that degrades the bacterial DNA. After which the virus uses the replicational and gene expressing ability of the host to transcibe its genetic material and replicate itself. This process called SYNTHESIS occurs in step 3.
Hence, the yellow ring in the image that represents bacterial DNA disappears in step 3 (synthesis stage) because it gets degraded by viral digesting enzymes.
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Answer:
Explanation:
mitochondrial DNA is inherited exclusively from the mother. This would indicate that the two systems are inherited independently, so that there should be no association between an individual's nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA.
Echinoderms do not spend time caring for their young ones.
They reproduce by sexual means, that is the combination of genetic materials from two separate individuals (male and female). The males provide the sperm and the females provide the eggs for reproduction. The sperms and eggs are propagated into water column, and fertilization takes place in the open water. Echinoderms commonly, leave their eggs and provide no parental care to the eggs. They don't take care of their young ones at all, however, some sea urchins incubates their eggs in special little pouches.
