This answer is FALSE - FUN FACT - Liquidity of money refers to the ease with which the owner of an asset can convert it into cash it is easier to convert common stocks into cash rather than attempt to raise cash from sale or mortgage of real estate assets
Introduction
“Project risk analysis,” as described by The Project Management Institute (PMI®), “includes the processes concerned with conducting risk management, planning, identification analysis, response, and monitoring and control on a project;./…” (PMI, 2004, p 237) These processes include risk identification and quantification, risk response development and risk response control.
Because these processes interact with each other as well as with processes in other parts of an organization, companies are beginning to measure risk across all of their projects as part of an enterprise portfolio.
Risk management can be as simple as identifying a list of technological, operational and business risks, or as comprehensive as in-depth schedule risk analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. But because risk is a driver in an organization's growth – the greater the risk, the greater the reward – the adoption of a structured enterprisewide project risk analysis program will give managers confidence in their decision-making to foster organizational growth and increase ROI for their stakeholders.
Choosing the right projects
How well an organization examines the risks associated with its initiatives, how well it understands the way that projects planned or underway are impacted by risk, and how well it develops mitigation strategies to protect the organization, can mean the difference between a crisis and an opportunity.
Examples abound of companies that have seen their fortunes rise or drop based on the effectiveness of their risk management – a pharmaceutical company makes headlines when its promising new drug brings unforeseen side effects. Or a large telecom corporation pours millions of dollars into perfecting long distance, while new technologies are presenting more exciting opportunities.
Today that pharmaceutical is distracted by lawsuits and financial payouts, finding itself with a shrinking pipeline of new drugs. The telecom, on the other hand, after using a portfolio risk management software application to rationalize and rank its initiatives, made the decision to shift its research dollars away from perfecting long distance and into developing VOIP -- rejuvenating and reinforcing its leadership position.
Answer and Explanation:
A. Toothpaste brand: Toothpaste is a commonly used, inexpensive, and very popular product. These decisions are governed mainly by the reference group such as family , friends or primary group with whom a student has regular face to face experiences. Hence the purchase decision is affected by a low degree of comparison community.
B. Buying a hybrid car: A hybrid car is sometimes described as expensive and luxury products. It's moreover a non-necessity commodity for a college student. These decisions are therefore usually affected by secondary community. And a high degree of control in the comparison community will only inspire a student to buy a car.
C. Buying cereal for breakfast: This is a simple requirement of a lifetime. Therefore, even without consulting any reference group a student can buy such product. Often such transactions are rules by family group control. So it needs a low degree of control.
D. Becoming a vegetarian: It takes a high degree of influence and motivation to become a vegetarian.
Thus the aspirational group influences a student. So they opt for vegetarianism to become part of such a community. Such decision taking involves a high degree of control.
E. Option of a computer tablet like the iPod: these products are a luxury commodity sold at regular prices. Typically refer to their families , friends, magazines before making a purchase student to get an idea about the output and price of these products. These goods are the weak product with a strong brand and a strong purchase is controlled by a strong reference community impact.
Answer:
Shoe-leather Costs.
Explanation:
In this scenario, Bob manages a grocery store in a country experiencing a high rate of inflation. He is paid in cash twice per month. On payday, he immediately goes out and buys all the goods he will need over the next two weeks in order to prevent the money in his wallet from losing value.
What he can't spend, he converts into a more stable foreign currency for a steep fee. This is an example of the Shoes-leather costs of inflation.
A Shoe-leather costs refers to the costs of time, energy and effort people expend to mitigate the effect of high inflation on the depreciative purchasing power of money by frequently visiting depository financial institutions in order to minimize inflation tax they pay on holding cash.
Metaphorically, it ultimately implies that in order to protect the value of money or assets, some people wear out the sole of their shoes by going to financial institutions more frequently to make deposits.
Hence, Bob is practicing a shoe-leather cost of inflation so as to reduce the nominal interest rates.
Answer:
Point B
Explanation:
A "trough" in essence is just like a dip or a ditch. The answer is B because it is at the lowest point of that dip.
