Ciliates move (c) using cilia. It is a group of protozoans. Cilia is an organelle of ciliates. It is a hair-like organelle that helps the ciliate move. It is also used in many ways like food gathering. It could even be used to sweep down food to their central channel.
Solar- technologies convert sunlight into electrical energy either through photovoltaic panels or through mirrors that concentrate solar radiation.
Hydro- a hydraulic turbine converts the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy. A hydroelectric generator converts this mechanical energy into electricity
Tidal- energy is a form of hydropower that works by harnessing the kinetic energy created from the rise and fall of ocean tides and currents, also called tidal flows, and turns into unusable electricity
Wind- turns the propeller like blades of a turbine around a rotor, which spins a generator, which creates electricity
OTEC- plants pump large quantities of deep cold seawater and surface seawater to run a power cycle and produce electricity
Biomass- is burned in a boiler to produce high-pressure steam. This steam flows over a series of turbine blades, causing them to rotate. The rotation of the turbine drives a generator, producing electricity
Geothermal- power plants use steam to produce electricity. The steam comes from reservoirs of hot water found a few miles or more below the earth’s surface. The steam rotates a turbine that activates a generator, which produces electricity
If the researchers replaced the bacterial proton pump with a proton pump that was activated only by atp then less ATP would be produced when the light is on because no proton gradient would be available to produce ATP.
<h3>What is
proton gradient ?</h3>
Two quinol (4H+4e) oxidations at the Qo site result in the formation of one quinol (2H+2e) at the Qi site, creating a proton gradient (in total six protons are translocated: two protons reduce quinone to quinol and four protons are released from two ubiquinol molecules).
For the ETC to continue functioning, the energy trapped in the electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane must also be released in some manner. ATP is created using the energy in the proton electrochemical gradient.
Chemiosmotic coupling is the process by which ATP synthesis is coupled to the electrochemical gradient of H+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Peter Mitchell, who in 1961 made the initial suggestion, was given the Nobel Prize for his efforts in 1978.
To learn more about proton gradient from the given link:
brainly.com/question/28046848
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