It is the second one.
Caesar became politically corrupt, which led Brutus to kill him.
It could be any of those but the best answer is the second one.
Hoover felt that government should take a very off-hands approach, and the government should be akin to a guide letting their leashed dog choose the path; however, FDR believed in a very hands on and big government approach, and he advocated for expanding the role of the government unlike Hoover.
The correct answer is the Treaty of Versailles.
The Treaty of Versailles was the treaty that ended World War I and the war guilt clause was inserted as a punishment for the Axis forces in the war.