Answer:
The Adaptationist Fallacy can prove very costly to biologist who are assuming it wrong according to the function in the environment. Let us have an example of the phenotype of wheat diploid breed that produces non-bearded grains variety, but we cannot assume it as a beneficial phenotype without further extensive research. After research, we came to know that there is also a major hexaploid bearded variety, that produces more number of grains. That's how, the Adaptationist Fallacy may prove fatal if we have assumed diploid as a major beneficial phenotype.
Answer: 1
Homeostasis in terms of temperature within the human body is achieved by reaction to stimulation from the environment. For example, in cold temperatures our bodies shiver to get warm.
The two cells of the similar shape, and size have different levels of the ongoing metabolic activity. On one hand, the cell a is metabolically quiet, which means that no energy consuming chemical reactions are taking place in this cell. On the other hand, the cell b is actively consuming the surrounding oxygen. In this scenario, the oxygen will more quickly diffuse into the cell b because the diffusion gradient for oxygen in this cell is steeper than in the cell a.
Hence, the blanks can be filled with 'b and the diffusion gradient is steeper' respectively.
