Suppose that the proportion of the white crest alleles (r) is given by w and that of the Red crest allele (R) is given by p. We have that p+w=1. The probability that an individual has 2 r alleles is given by w*w since for each allele position the probability is w. Only these individuals have a White phenotype. Hence, we get that w^2=
; the right hand side is the proportion of white birds in the total population. Doing the calculations, this yields that w=0.37. From this, we calculate that p=0.63. The possible ways we have heterozygous individuals are the combinations Rr and rR. The probability for each of those is p*w. Thus, the total probability is 2pw. This is equal to 0.466=0.47. This is the fraction of the future population that is going to be heterozygous assuming the conditions of the Handy-Weinberg equilibrium like random reproductive matching etc.
Answer:
<u>d. Transport proteins within the membrane serve as a tunnel for molecules to enter the cell.
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Explanation:
Solutes are typically moved across the cell through either passive or active transport. The cells, surrounded by a bilipid layer or plasma membrane is amphiphlic- its polar, hydrophilic lipid heads face outwards, while their non-polar hydrophobic lipid tails face inwards towards each other.
While lipid-soluble molecules move across the layer easily, it is also difficult for charged and also large molecules to move across its surface, into the cell. Transmembrane channels, <u>embedded within the membrane</u>, help to maintain selective permeability as transport proteins, pores and gated channels. Simple diffusion happens as a method of passive transport in cells through plasma membranes.
The solutes travel through the plasma membrane in the process of diffusion from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration; this occurs without the use of energy. <u>Molecules moving against their concentration require active transport mechanism to cross the membrane</u>.
The question is incomplete, the complete question is;
In the process of photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and light energy to produce a sugar (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). In the process of aerobic cellular respiration, animals and plants release energy from sugar and oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and water. The chemical equations that describe these reactions look like this:
photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2
cellular respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
How do these equations explain why the total amount of O2 and CO2 remains the same?
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
If we look at photosynthesis and cellular respiration, we will realize that the both are complementary processes. The product of one process is the input material for the other process.
Respiration and cellular respiration helps to balance the amount of O2 and CO2 in nature because photosynthesis takes in CO2 and releases oxygen while cellular respiration takes in oxygen and releases CO2. This maintains the delicate balance between the both gases in nature.
Answer:
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