the most fitting one is <em>Claimant</em>
Critic is someone who gives their opinion on something, that could be friendly or harsh. Claimant means someone who makes a claim.
I'm probably wrong, but that is my best guess
B.
Not A. because it isn't only for solving simple problems.
Not C. because it CAN work well with personal or school problems.
Not D. because you can't solve a problem before their is a problem.
I hope this helped.
I dont think this might be correct but I think the answer is the 3rd one.