Hi
1. Lithosphere 
2. Hydrosphere 
3.atmosphere
4. Biosphere 
The lithosphere/geosphere is made of the earth's core, the mantle, crust, ocean floor,mountains, sand, etc.The hydrosphere is made of everything water such as oceans, rivers, lakes, rain, and snow.The atmosphere is made of gasses such as oxygen, and hydrogen.Finally the biosphere is all that has life such as plants, animals, people, insects, etc.
        
             
        
        
        
Passive membrane processes are those that do not require energy and move substances down a concentration gradient; namely, these are diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
either deoxyribose or ribose
Explanation:
i can't see the diagram, but-
- if the diagram shows a single stranded chain of rna, then the answer is ribose
- if the diagram shows a double stranded chain of dna, then the answer is deoxyribose
- uracil and thymine are nucleic acids, not sugars/carbohydrates
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Im guessing the increase of GMO foods and excess preservatives and chemicals that may provoke certain food intolerances and allergies.