Answer:
1. Uniformitarianism.
2. Weathering
3. Erosion.
Explanation:
1. Uniformitarianism: The present is the key to the past. It is a theory which states that the natural processes and laws that are being experienced in the present have been operating in the past and as such applies to everything in the universe.
2. Weathering: the breakdown of rocks into sediments. Weathering can be defined as the physical and chemical breakdown of rock into smaller pieces called sediment. Weathering can be classified into two categories namely;
I. Physical weathering : it is the process of breaking rocks into pieces without affecting its chemical composition e.g temperature, abrasion and frost action.
II. Chemical weathering : it is the process of breaking rocks into pieces by chemical action which leads to changes in its chemical composition e.g carbonation, hydration, plant acid and oxidation.
3. Erosion: the process of transporting sediment to a new location. Erosion can be defined as a geological process which typically involves the wearing out of earthen (soil) materials and the transportation of these materials by natural forces like water, wind, etc. Soil erosion is greatest when the soil is steep.
Generally, the steepness of a body affects the rate at which other materials would flow or move around. Thus, the steeper a river or stream, the greater would be its rate of erosion.
