The answer is to function as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. It is the only place that O2 partakes in the cellular respiration is at the end of the electron transport chain as the final electron acceptor. Oxygen's high affinity for electrons safeguards its success in this role. Its assistances to driving electron transport, forming a proton gradient, and synthesizing ATP are all indirect effects of its role as the terminal electron acceptor.
Answer:
A chromosome is a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule with part or all of the genetic material (genome) of an organism. Most eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins which, aided by chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to prevent it from becoming an unmanageable tangle. This three-dimensional genome structure plays a significant role in transcriptional regulation.Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing the metaphase of cell division (where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form). Before this happens, every chromosome is copied once (S phase), and the copy is joined to the original by a centromere, resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured here) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. The original chromosome and the copy are now called sister chromatids. During metaphase the X-shape structure is called a metaphase chromosome. In this highly condensed form chromosomes are easiest to distinguish and study.In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation.
Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction play a significant role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe. Usually, this will make the cell initiate apoptosis leading to its own death, but sometimes mutations in the cell hamper this process and thus cause progression of cancer
Northern blotting is the separation technique that can detect proteins in a complex mixture with the use of antibodies directed against a protein of interest.
Commonly used protein separation techniques include ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, dialysis, ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography, and electrophoresis [sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Isoelectric point electrophoresis, and chromatographic electrophoresis] are included.
Northern blot is a laboratory analysis method for testing RNA. In particular, purified RNA fragments are separated from biological samples (such as blood and tissue) by passing through a gel or matrix like a sieve with an electric current. This allows small fragments to move faster than large fragments.
Northern blotting is named because it resembles Southern blot, the first blotting technique named after biologist Edwin Southern. The main difference is that Northern blots analyze RNA rather than DNA.
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