Answer: The correct answer is: relationship between organisms and their environment
Explanation:
Ecology can simply be defined as a field of study which deals with the RELATIONSHIP of living organisms with one another and with the environment they live.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum or RER for short.
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Trypanosoma and Plasmodium have members that can evade the human immune system by frequently changing their surface proteins
Antigenic variation in P. falciparum is driven by PfEMP1/var. The other gene families' members, rif, stevor, and surfin, which encode the proteins RIFINS, STEVOR, and SURFIN, respectively, go through clonal variation, which makes them useful in evading the host immune response.
By frequently changing the thick layer of variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) on the cell surface, Trypanosoma brucei parasites successfully escape the host immune system. The monoallelic expression of VSGs is strictly regulated in each parasite. On the trypomastigotes, the VSG proteins (60 kDa) produce a surface coating that is 12–15 nm thick. Through significant antigenic diversity, the VSGs allow the trypomastigotes to sidestep the immune system of the mammalian host.
Learn more about immune system here;
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Watson and Crick described it well in their published work on DNA and its structure. ... This understanding of the structure of DNA is particularly important because it led to the realisation that if there is an adenine on one side of the pair, then the other base must be thymine.