Answer:
The correct answer is : C .It will decrease ATP production because fewer protons will be able flow down through ATP synthase.
Explanation:
- Oxidative Phosphorylation is a process which involves two steps:
- Transport of electrons from the reduced compounds like NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) and FADH₂ (Flavin adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen) through the electron transport complexes, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to oxygen for the generation of water molecules.
- Synthesis of ATP or adenosine triphosphate from ADP or adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by an enzyme called ATP synthase which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme harnesses energy by carrying protons from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix and in the process produces ATP.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria, especially involving the inter membrane space, inner membrane and mitochondrial matrix
- During the transport of electrons through the protein complexes (I, II, III, IV) of the electron transport chain a proton gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- The proton gradient is such that the concentration of protons is more in the inter-membrane space and less in the matrix of the mitochondria.
- This proton gradient provides the energy to the ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP.
- Dinitrophenol is responsible for making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. As a result protons can directly diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix equalising the concentration of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This causes distortion in the proton gradient. Hence, protons are no longer available for the ATP synthase to operate and synthesise ATP.
Answer: to predict the probability of offspring genotypes
Explanation: Punnett squares are developed to predict the probability of offspring genotype. Punnett square is a square shaped diagram used for predicting the possible genotypes of a cross between two organisms. Punnett square is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who invented the approach. In punnett squares, the genotypes of the parents are written on the top and left hand side of the square while the possible genotypes of their offsprings are written in the boxes.
Answer:
C.4 is the answer
Explanation:
By the end of meiosis, the resulting reproductive cells, or gametes, each have 23 genetically unique chromosomes. The overall process of meiosis produces four daughter cells from one single parent cell. Each daughter cell is haploid because it has half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell.-
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Answer:
False
Explanation:
Scientist believe that the primitive atmosphere lacked free oxygen. Oxygen is a highly reactive molecule that would have made difficult for complex macromolecules to appear and then create life. Rocks from the precambrian period support this theory.
Anaerobic cells appeared first, then photosynthesis appeared filling the atmosphere with oxygen and the aerobic organism develop cellular respiration to obtain energy, a process more efficient than anaerobic respiration.
