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turbinas de vapor que utilizan combustibles fósiles, energía nuclear, biomasa, geotermia y energía solar térmica
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The only mutations that matter to large-scale evolution are those that can be passed on to offspring. These occur in reproductive cells like eggs and sperm and are called germ line mutations. No change occurs in phenotype.
The two main variables in an experiment are the independent and dependent variable.
An independent variable is the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable.
A dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.
The dependent variable is 'dependent' on the independent variable. As the experimenter changes the independent variable, the effect on the dependent variable is observed and recorded.
For example, a scientist wants to see if the brightness of light has any effect on a moth being attracted to the light. The brightness of the light is controlled by the scientist. This would be the independent variable. How the moth reacts to the different light levels (distance to light source) would be the dependent variable.
When results are plotted in graphs, the convention is to use the independent variable as the x-axis and the dependent variable as the y-axis.
Sand is granular and coarse meaning that water and nutrients can flow through it quite easily. Clay on the other hand has very fine particles that cling together to form a waterproof substance which traps/ stops any nutrients or water from moving down. Clay's also quite difficult for plants to get their roots into. Silt has a texture between clay and sand, meaning that it is the ideal substance as it allows the best water and nutrition movement in the soil. Most plants will grow best in silt, but there are some plants who are more adapted to living in sand (e.g. Marram grass) or clay.
