Answer:
D-DNA molecule
Explanation:
The process of copying the sequence of DNA nucleotide sequences to the mRNA is called Transcriptions. It is the first stage in gene expression for protein synthesis, and<u> it involves the unwinding of the DNA double strands molecules by enzyme</u><u> </u>DNA Helicase into two free strands,(by melting the hydrogen bonds between organic bases), a process initiated by the binding of enzymes RNA Polymerase to the promoter sites on the DNA template; the alignment of the mRNA nucleotides on the single DNA template strands in 3'-5 direction; the formation of hydrogen bonds between the organic bases of the template DNA and that of the messenger RNA single strands,( and phosphodiesterbonds within RNA nucleotide ), to form DNA-RNA complex.
The copying is done in complimentary anti parallel fashion;5'-3' prime. direction.
The hydrogen bonds, between the bases DNA-RNA complexes breaks,and the releases the mRNA which exists through the nuclear pores.Thus this <u>leads to copying of the the coded messages as seqeunce of DNA , from the DNA to the mRNA for gene expressions.</u>
Answer:
It adjusts to different oxygen levels.
The cytochrome bo branch operates when E coli is growing rapidly with good aeration.
The cytochrome bd branch operates at low oxygen conditions. It is located in the outer membrane.
Explanation:
Electron transport chains of Escherichia coli are composed of different dehydrogenase and terminal reductase which is linked by quinones. It adjusts to different oxygen level because Oxygen is preferred electron acceptor and represses the terminal reductase of anaerobic.
Answer:
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Hemoglobin has tetrahedral structure containing four heme groups that surround a globin group.
Heme is ringlike organic compound also known as a porphyrin to which an iron atom is attached. There are four iron atoms that bind four oxygen atoms and transport them to tissues.
Centrosomes, also called microtubule organizing systems, release the microtubules that arrange the chromosomes along the metaphase plate.
Near the Golgi, there are 9,0 microtubule multiplets that produce microtubules. In order to sustain a dynamic movement process and for the centralized organization of chromosomes along the meiosis,plate, these microtubules bind to the kinetochores of chromosomes utilizing dyneins and kinesins.
During metaphase, chromosomes are organized over the metaphase plate with the help of microtubules released from complexes on various cell surfaces. Microtubules are continuously destroyed and rebuilt in a dynamic process until chromosomes are centrally organized.
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