Answer:
Control group: volunteer stationary bike riders in a pollution-free chamber
Experimental group: volunteer stationary bike riders in a chamber filled with air pollutants common to Los Angeles
Independent variable: exposure to air pollution
Dependent variable: The heart rates (physical fitness) of the volunteer riders.
Explanation:
In a scientific experiment, data is compared between the control group and experimental group to ascertain the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. A control group is the group in an experiment that is not treated with the independent variable i.e. the independent variable is controlled while the experimental group is the group that is treated with an independent variable.
N.B: The independent variable is the variable controlled by the experimenter in order to influence the dependent variable (measurable outcome).
In this experiment, the independent variable is the AIR POLLUTION the volunteer riders are exposed to while the dependent variable is the PHYSICAL FITNESS/ HEART RATES of the volunteer riders, which is dependent on the exposure to air pollution (independent variable).
The control group in this experiment is the volunteer riders placed in a POLLUTION-FREE CHAMBER where the independent variable cannot influence or have any effect on the measurable variable (dependent). The experimental group is the volunteer riders placed in a CHAMBER FILLED WITH AIR POLLUTANTS. The independent variable (air pollution) has been changed in the experimental group.
A baby's immune system is not fully developed until he/she is about six months-old. In the meantime, pregnant mothers pass immunoglobulin antibodies from their bloodstream, through the placenta, and to the fetus. These antibodies are an essential part of the fetus's immune system. They identify and bind to harmful substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi that enter the body. This triggers other immune cells to destroy the foreign substance.
Answer:
The correct answer will be-
1. Chromosomes are made up of protein and nucleic acid.
2. Genes are located on chromosomes.
3. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus.
Explanation:
Watson and Crick are known for their findings on the structure of DNA in 1953. Their findings were motivated by the book called "What is Life?".
The book stated the concepts which were well accepted by the scientific communities that is the gene determines the trait which is located on the chromosomes proved by the experiments of Morgan.
The chromosomes are the condensed structure present in the nucleus was suggested by the Nageli in 1884. The chromosomes are composed of nucleic acid and protein was also proved and was well-accepted fact.
But the genes are made up of DNA was not well accepted which was suggested by the experiments of Avery in 1940s.
Thus, the selected options are the correct answer.
Answer:
Adrenergic/effector/sympathetic
Explanation:
The two main divisions of autonomic nervous system are sympathetic nervous system and para sympathetic nervous system. This nervous system controls the involuntary actions of the body.
Adrenergic receptors are included in the G protein coupled receptors. Alpha and beat receptors are adrenergic receptors. These receptors are present on the effector molecule. Alpha and beta receptors are important during fight and flight response and are included in the sympathetic nervous system.
Thus, the correct answer is option (e).
The two substances that scientists use are
carbon-14 and carbon-12
