Answer:
Inflammatory response occurs when the tissues are injured as a result of bacteria, trauma, heat or any other cause.
Explanation:
When a honey bee stings or a pathogen attacks the damaged cells release chemicals.
Chemicals includes
- histamine
- bradykinin
- and prostaglandins.
These chemicals cause blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues, causing swelling.
Processes happened during Inflammatory response:
- heat
- pain
- redness
- swelling and
- loss of function.
Inflammation is a defense mechanism in the body. The immune system recognizes damaged cells, irritants, and pathogens, and it begins the healing process. Chronic inflammation can eventually cause several diseases and conditions.
Basically we can divide the whole cycle into 6 phrase. menstruation, repair phrase, ovulation, receptive phrase, and pre menstrual phrase, all in this order.
usually a cycle takes around 28 days, but it can sometimes be longer or shorter depending on different women.
for around the first 5 days (again, it's not exact days) it's menstruation, uterus lining is shed out from the vagina. this only occurs if fertilisation and implantation does not take place.
then for the next few days, it's the repair phrase, oestrogen helps repair the lining of uterus, to thicken it up, to prepare for fertilisation and implantation, a place for the fetus to develope.
next 3 days will be ovulation, where the ovary will release one mature egg (but sometimes 2 or none) into the oviduct, the egg can only survive for a few days so if fertilisation doesn't occur during this phrase, menstruation will occur that cycle.
next will be receptive phrase, where the lining keeps on thickening, and the thickness is maintained by progesterone, another female hormone.
at last it's the pre menstrual phrase, lining will start to degenerate unless implantation ocured.
hope this helps
Answer:
The membrane potential is maintained in the cell due to the unequal distribution of the ions inside and outside of the cell. This membrane potential is important for the conduction of the nerve impulse.
The arrival of the stimulus triggers the action potential. The resting membrane potential is -70mV. This is maintained by the presence of potassium ions. The influx of the sodium ions result in the change in the membrane potential from -70mV to +30mV.
In this question, one parent is homozygous recessive (bbee) and other parent is dihybrid (BbEe)
B - black fur dominant trait
b - white fur recessive
E- black eyes dominant
e - red eyes recessive
a punnett square shows all the possible combinations of genotypes with the corresponding phenotypes that the offspring could inherit.
the genotypes and their phenotypes for the offspring are given below ;
BBEE / BbEe / BbEE / BBEe - black fur and black eyes
Bbee / BBee - black fur and red eyes
bbee - white fur and red eyes
bbEe / bbEE - white fur and black eyes
after analysing the punnett square the following results are obtained;
black fur and black eyes - BbEe- 4/16
black fur and red eyes -Bbee - 4/16
white fur and black eyes - bbEe - 4/16
white fur and red eyes -bbee - 4/16
Answer:
With millions of different kinds of organisms in the world, scientists must find order in all of this diversity. Scientists group living organisms into one or more of a few major categories as part discipline known as taxonomy. The bodies of organisms are organized into functional systems—cells are organized into tissues, and tissues are organized into organs. Body systems carry out critical functions, such as locomotion, reproduction, digestion, and circulation. All living things on Earth are composed of the same carbon-based, molecular building blocks.
