I believe the correct answer is D, competition among manufacturers in the marketplace is prohibited. Capitalism encourages competition.
The caravel was a type of ship, so C would be the answer
They used the stars to guide them, in the northern hemisphere Polaris is always to the north. They can also use where the sun and moon rise and set. Rises in the east sets in the west.
The correct answer is Malaria
Malaria was a huge problem since it couldn't be treated and people mostly died from it. It prevented numerous explorers from venturing into places like Africa where Malaria was running rampant due to the huge amount of mosquitoes. When it was discovered, it enabled numerous people to live at ease because they could not live with the disease or prevent getting it.
In 1914, Gandhi returned to India and lived a life of abstinence and spirituality on the periphery of Indian politics. He supported Britain in the First World War but in 1919 launched a new satyagraha in protest of Britain’s mandatory military draft of Indians. Hundreds of thousands answered his call to protest, and by 1920 he was leader of the Indian movement for independence. Always nonviolent, he asserted the unity of all people under one God and preached Christian and Muslim ethics along with his Hindu teachings. The British authorities jailed him several times, but his following was so great that he was always released.