Excretion is the process of removing wastes and excess water from the body.
Macrophages is the answer (C). There is not much to be added to this answer since the question itself describes macrophages perfectly.
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Answer:
An organism's DNA affects how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology. So a change in an organism's DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its life. Mutations are essential to evolution; they are the raw material of genetic variation. Without mutation, evolution could not occur.
Explanation:
Answer:
The purpose of the outer covering of the bird helps keep it warm and to help it fly, whilst the outer cover of the tree is to protect it from bugs.
Explanation:
Answer:
Arginine (Arg).
Explanation:
Lysine (Lys) is a hydrophobic amino acid that contains an α-amino group and an α-carboxyl acid group, and a side chain lysyl. It is a residue positively charged and has polar and hydrophilic properties, being thus similar to the Arg residue. Therefore, it is expected that the replacement of Lys by Arg should not have significant effects on the structure of the PEP carboxylase enzyme.
This type of substitution is named conservative because the replacement is made between amino acids with similar properties, thereby they have less impact on protein function and aren't so easily removed by natural selection compared to non-conservative substitutions.